Horses and Mules to the Rescue: How Chenab Bridge Was Built in Kashmir – The Origin Story
Introduction:
Engineering Marvel Meets Mountain TerrainIn the majestic landscape of Jammu and Kashmir, nestled within the Himalayas, lies one of the world’s most iconic engineering feats — the Chenab Bridge. Towering 359 meters above the Chenab River, this bridge is not just the highest railway arch bridge in the world as of 2025 but also a symbol of human perseverance, ingenuity, and resilience. But what truly makes this story fascinating is not just the advanced engineering, but the surprisingly traditional methods — including horses and mules — used to bring this mega project to life.
A Vision Rooted in Strategic Need
Why Build the Chenab Bridge?
The Chenab Bridge is a key component of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla Rail Link (USBRL) project. The Indian government initiated this railway line to enhance connectivity in Jammu & Kashmir — a region of immense strategic, economic, and cultural importance.
Key Reasons:
Improve regional connectivity and link the Kashmir Valley to the rest of India.
Boost tourism and trade in Jammu & Kashmir.
Facilitate military logistics in a sensitive border region.
The Unforgiving Terrain of the Chenab Valley
Building in the Himalayas – A Nightmare for Engineers
The Chenab Bridge posed some unique challenges:
Remote location: No roads or rails initially existed near the site.
Extreme weather: Snow, rain, and wind conditions were highly unpredictable.
Fragile geology: The Himalayan rock is unstable and sensitive to vibrations.
To top it all, the COVID-19 pandemic and political hurdles added delays. Yet, engineers and workers found creative ways to overcome these odds.
Enter the Unsung Heroes – Horses and Mules
When High-Tech Failed, Hooves Helped
While helicopters and cranes were used extensively, some of the most difficult terrains were unreachable by machines. That’s when engineers turned to:
Pack Animals for Progress
Mules and horses carried up to 200 kg of material per trip.
Routes were carved along mountain ridges for animal access.
These animals transported everything from steel rods to food supplies for workers.
A Personal Anecdote
Ramzan Dar, a local horseman, recalled:
> “It felt like our ancestors had come alive again. My horses became heroes. Every day, we climbed steep paths carrying nuts, bolts, and cement. We never thought we’d help build a world wonder.”
Engineering Details That Will Blow Your Mind
Structural Highlights
Feature Details
Height above river 359 meters (1,178 feet)
Length 1,315 meters
Arch span 467 meters
Material 28,660 metric tons of steel
Completion year 2022 (Operational in 2024)
Construction Techniques
Incremental Launching System (ILS) was used to assemble the arch.
Wind tunnel tests ensured the bridge could withstand gusts up to 266 km/h.
Seismic resilience: Designed to withstand earthquakes of magnitude 8+.
Local Economy and Community Involvement
Jobs and Livelihood
Over 1,300 locals were employed during construction.
Traditional skills like animal handling found new meaning.
Food vendors, home-stays, and artisans benefited from increased economic activity.
Eco-sensitive Planning
Controlled blasting and minimized deforestation.
Waste management protocols were enforced at the site.
The Bridge Today: A Symbol of Unity and Progress
The Chenab Bridge stands not just as an infrastructure giant, but as a testament to human collaboration across tech, tradition, and terrain.
Rail connectivity between Katra and Banihal will soon be fully functional.
Expected to carry over 20,000 passengers daily.
Tourism boost: The bridge is already attracting visitors as a photo and video hotspot.
Conclusion: The Spirit Behind the Structure
The Chenab Bridge is a story of contrasts — cutting-edge tech meeting ancient traditions, and machine precision complementing animal grit. Without the quiet strength of mules and the wisdom of locals, this masterpiece might still be a dream.
As India races toward infrastructural modernization, this project reminds us: sometimes, looking back can help us leap forward.
FAQs
1. Why is the Chenab Bridge important?
The Chenab Bridge is crucial for connecting the Kashmir Valley to the rest of India via rail, enhancing strategic, economic, and social ties.
2. How high is the Chenab Bridge?
It stands at 359 meters above the Chenab River, making it the highest railway bridge in the world.
3. When was the Chenab Bridge completed?
Construction was completed in 2022, and it became operational in 2024.
4. What animals were used during the construction of Chenab Bridge?
Mules and horses were used to transport construction materials in remote terrains inaccessible by vehicles.
5. Is the Chenab Bridge safe for earthquakes?
Yes, the bridge is designed to withstand seismic activity up to magnitude 8 on the Richter scale.
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